Struggling to understand the BITSAT syllabus for 2026? You’re not alone. Many students find it challenging to grasp the subject-wise syllabus for the upcoming BITSAT exam.
Our article provides a clear breakdown of the syllabus, making it easier for you to prepare effectively. With concise explanations of each subject’s topics, you can focus your study efforts where they’re needed most.
Say goodbye to confusion and hello to confidence as you dive into your BITSAT preparation armed with the knowledge of exactly what to expect. Let’s simplify your journey to success with our comprehensive guide to the BITSAT syllabus.
What is the BITSAT exam?
BITSAT, or Birla Institute of Technology and Science Admission Test, is a computer-based entrance exam conducted by BITS Pilani. The exam assesses students’ proficiency in subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, and English.
It is a crucial criterion for admission to integrated first-degree programs offered by the institute across its campuses. The test structure comprises objective questions, allowing candidates to choose the most appropriate answer.
BITSAT aims to evaluate candidates’ logical and analytical abilities, providing a fair platform for admission into premier engineering and science programs. Success in BITSAT opens doors to quality education and promising career opportunities for aspiring students.
Now that you understand the basics of the BITSAT exam, let’s dive into its syllabus for 2026.
BITSAT Syllabus 2026
Discover the blueprint for success with the BITSAT Syllabus 2026. This section provides a comprehensive breakdown of the topics and subjects you need to focus on to ace the BITSAT exam in 2026:
BITSAT 2026 Physics Syllabus
| Chapter No. | Topic Area | Details |
| 1 | Units & Measurement | Systems of units, SI units (fundamental and derived), Dimensional analysis, Precision and significant figures, Vernier calipers, screw gauge, physical balance |
| 2 | Kinematics | Vector properties; Position, velocity, acceleration vectors; Motion with constant acceleration; Projectile motion; Uniform circular motion; Relative motion |
| 3 | Newton’s Laws of Motion | Newton’s laws, free body diagrams, resolution of forces; Motion on inclined planes; Blocks with pulleys; Circular motion and centripetal force; Inertial/non-inertial frames |
| 4 | Impulse and Momentum | Definitions, conservation, collisions, system momentum, center of mass |
| 5 | Work and Energy | Work by force, kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power; Conservative forces, potential energy, mechanical energy conservation |
| 6 | Rotational Motion | Angular displacement, velocity, acceleration; Constant angular acceleration; Moment of inertia, parallel and perpendicular axis theorems; Torque, angular momentum and conservation; Rolling motion |
| 7 | Gravitation | Newton’s law of gravitation; gravitational potential energy; escape velocity; planetary motion, Kepler’s laws, satellite motion |
| 8 | Mechanics of Solids and Fluids | Elasticity; pressure, density, Archimedes’ principle; Viscosity, surface tension; Bernoulli’s theorem |
| 9 | Oscillations | Simple harmonic motion, spring-mass system, pendulum; forced and damped oscillations, resonance |
| 10 | Waves | Progressive sinusoidal waves; standing waves; superposition, beats; Doppler effect |
| 11 | Heat and Thermodynamics | Kinetic theory of gases; thermal equilibrium, temperature; specific heat; heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation), Newton’s law of cooling; first law of thermodynamics work and heat; second law, Carnot engine efficiency/coefficient of performance |
| 12 | Electrostatics | Coulomb’s law; electric field and potential; Gauss’ law; electric dipole; capacitance and dielectrics |
| 13 | Current Electricity | Ohm’s law; Joule heating; D.C. circuits; Kirchhoff’s laws; potentiometer; Wheatstone bridge; resistivity and temperature dependence |
| 14 | Magnetic Effect of Current | Biot-Savart law; Ampere’s law; Lorentz force; magnetic moment and torque on current loop; galvanometer and its conversion |
| 15 | Electromagnetic Induction | Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws; eddy currents; self and mutual inductance; transformers; generators; AC, rms and peak; LCR circuits |
| 16 | Optics | Reflection and refraction laws; lenses and mirrors; optical instruments; interference (Young’s double-slit); diffraction; electromagnetic waves; polarization and Malus and Brewster laws |
| 17 | Modern Physics | Dual nature (photoelectric effect, de Broglie wavelength); atomic models (Rutherford, Bohr); hydrogen spectrum; radioactivity; nuclear reactions (fission, fusion), binding energy |
| 18 | Electronic Devices | Energy bands in solids; semiconductor diode characteristics and applications; transistor operation and characteristics; logic gates; transistor as switch |
BITSAT 2026 Chemistry Syllabus
| Chapter No. | Topic | Details |
| 1 | States of Matter | Measurement: Physical quantities & SI units, Dimensional analysis, Precision, Significant figures; Chemical reactions: Laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory, Mole concept, Atomic, molecular, molar masses, Percentage composition, Empirical & molecular formula, Balanced equations, Stoichiometry; Three states of matter: Intermolecular interactions, Bond types, Melting & boiling points; Gaseous state: Kinetic energy, Molecular speeds, Gas laws, Ideal behavior, Avogadro number, Deviations – Critical temperature, Liquefaction, van der Waals equation; Liquid state: Vapour pressure, Surface tension, Viscosity; Solid state: Classification, Space lattices, Unit cell (2D & 3D), Density calculation, Crystal structures, Imperfections, Electrical/magnetic/dielectric properties, Band theory (metals, semiconductors, insulators) |
| 2 | Atomic Structure | Subatomic particles, Atomic number, Isotopes/isobars, Thomson’s & Rutherford’s models, Hydrogen atom spectrum, Bohr model; Quantum mechanics: Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, Quantum numbers, Atomic orbitals (s, p, d), Spin; Many electron atoms: Pauli exclusion principle, Aufbau, Hund’s rule, Electronic configuration |
| 3 | Periodicity and Bonding | Development/history of periodic table, Periodic law, s/p/d/f blocks, Trends (ionization energy, radii, electron affinity, electronegativity, valency), Nomenclature for Z>100; Ionic bond: Lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle, Covalent character, Bond parameters; Molecular structure: Lewis, Resonance, VSEPR, Shapes; Covalent bond: Valence bond theory, Orbital overlap, Hybridization, Resonance, Molecular orbital theory, Bond order, Magnetism; Dipole moments, Hydrogen bonding |
| 4 | Thermodynamics | Systems & surroundings, State functions, Intensive/extensive properties, Zeroth law; First law: Work, Internal energy, Heat, Enthalpy, Heat capacities, Thermochemistry, Hess’s law, Enthalpy changes; Second law: Spontaneity, Entropy, Gibbs free energy, Chemical equilibrium; Third law introduction |
| 5 | Physical and Chemical Equilibria | Concentration units: Mole fraction, Molarity, Molality; Solutions: Solubility, Vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, Colligative properties, Osmotic pressure, Molecular mass, van’t Hoff factor; Physical equilibria (phase changes); Chemical equilibria: Equilibrium constants, Le Chatelier’s principle; Ionic equilibria: Acids and bases, Ionization, pH, Buffers, Hydrolysis, Solubility product; Factors affecting equilibria and ΔG |
| 6 | Electrochemistry | Redox: Electron transfer, Oxidation number, Balancing, Electrochemical cells, EMF, Nernst equation, Secondary cells, Fuel cells, Corrosion; Electrolytic conduction: Conductivity, Kohlrausch’s law, Electrolysis, Faraday’s laws |
| 7 | Chemical Kinetics | Rate and rate expression, Rate constants, Reaction order and molecularity, Integrated rate laws; Factors affecting rate – concentration, catalyst, temperature, Collision theory, Activation energy, Arrhenius equation; Surface chemistry: Adsorption, Catalysis, Colloids, Emulsions |
| 8 | Hydrogen and s-block Elements | Hydrogen: Unique position, Isotopes, Preparation, Properties, Hydrides, Water, Heavy water, Hydrogen peroxide, Fuel use; s-block elements: Abundance, Anomalies, Trends; Alkali metals: Occurrence, Extraction, Reactivity, Biological importance, Compounds; Alkaline earth metals: Occurrence, Extraction, Reactivity, Biological importance, Compounds |
| 9 | p-, d-, and f-block Elements | General trends and properties, Isolation; Group 13: Boron and compounds, Aluminum reactions; Group 14: Carbon, Silicon and compounds; Group 15: Nitrogen and compounds, Ammonia, Fertilizers, Phosphorus compounds; Group 16: Oxygen and sulfur compounds; Groups 17 & 18: Halogens and noble gases, Compounds, Uses; d-Block: Transition metals chemistry, Extraction, Alloys; f-Block: Lanthanoids, Actinoids, Lanthanide contraction |
| 10 | Organic Chemistry and Hydrocarbons | Classification by functional groups, Nomenclature, Purification; Electronic effects (inductive, resonance etc.); Alkanes: Isomerism, Properties, Free radical halogenation; Alkenes and Alkynes: Structure, Preparation, Reactions; Aromatic hydrocarbons: Properties, Resonance, Substitution mechanisms; Haloalkanes and haloarenes: Properties, Reactions, Uses, Environmental effects |
| 11 | Stereochemistry | Conformations of ethane, Newman and Sawhorse projections; Geometrical isomerism in alkenes |
| 12 | Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Nitrogen | Nomenclature, Preparation, Properties, Uses of alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, amines, diazonium salts; Reactivity of alpha-hydrogen, Nucleophilic addition & dehydration mechanisms, Basic character of amines and separation methods |
| 13 | Biological, Industrial and Environmental Chemistry | Carbohydrates: Classification, Structures, Reactions; Proteins: Amino acids, Structures, Denaturation; Nucleic acids: DNA, RNA; Vitamins: Classification, Functions; Polymers: Classification, Polymerization, Examples; Pollution: Types, Chemistry, Control; Chemicals in medicine, food, and health-care |
| 14 | Theoretical Principles of Experimental Chemistry | Volumetric analysis: Principles, Standard solutions, Titrations; Qualitative inorganic and organic analysis; Physical chemistry experiments: Crystallization, pH, Equilibria, Enthalpy, Reaction rates; Purification techniques; Basic lab techniques (glassware handling) |
BITSAT 2026 Mathematics Syllabus
| Chapter No. | Topic Area | Details |
| 1 | Algebra | Complex numbers: addition, multiplication, conjugation, polar form, properties, roots, geometric interpretations; Fundamental theorem of algebra. Quadratic equations in real & complex systems. Arithmetic and geometric progressions and series; sums of squares and cubes. Logarithms and properties. Exponential series. Permutations and combinations; Binomial theorem; Matrices and determinants (2×2, 3×3), properties, operations, inverse, solutions for linear equations, applications. Sets, relations, functions: mappings, binary operations, inverses. Mathematical reasoning: proofs, logic, induction. Linear inequalities: algebraic and graphical solutions. |
| 2 | Trigonometry | Measurement of angles (radians, degrees), trigonometric ratios, functions, graphs, identities. Solution of trigonometric equations. Inverse trigonometric functions. |
| 3 | Two-dimensional Coordinate Geometry | Cartesian coordinates, distance, section formula, origin shift. Equations of straight lines and pairs of lines, angles between lines, point-line distances, bisectors, concurrency. Circles: standard & parametric equations. Conic sections: parabola, ellipse, hyperbola with eccentricity, directrices, foci. |
| 4 | Three-dimensional Coordinate Geometry | Coordinate axes & planes, distance, section formula, direction cosines & ratios. Equations of lines in space, skew lines. Angle between lines, shortest distance. Equations of planes, point to plane distance, coplanarity, angles between planes and between line & plane. |
| 5 | Differential Calculus | Domain & range, limits, continuity, differentiability. Derivatives of polynomial, rational, trig, inverse trig, exponential, logarithmic, implicit, parametric functions. Geometric interpretation: tangent & normal. Increasing/decreasing functions, maxima & minima. Rolle’s, Mean Value, and Intermediate Value Theorems. |
| 6 | Integral Calculus | Integration as inverse of differentiation; indefinite integrals of standard functions. Integration methods: substitution, parts, partial fractions, trig identities. Definite integrals, Fundamental Theorem, area under curves, application to area of bounded regions. |
| 7 | Ordinary Differential Equations | Order & degree; formulation given a general solution; separable variable method. Solutions of homogeneous first order equations; linear first order differential equations. |
| 8 | Probability | Terminology, axiomatic and other approaches. Addition & multiplication rules. Conditional probability, total probability, Bayes’ theorem. Independent events. Discrete random variables, distributions, mean, variance. |
| 9 | Vectors | Direction ratios/cosines, addition, scalar multiplication, position vector of points dividing segments. Dot and cross products, projection. Scalar triple product and geometric interpretation. |
| 10 | Statistics | Measures of dispersion. Frequency distribution analysis with equal means but different variances. |
| 11 | Linear Programming | Terminology, formulation. Graphical solution method; feasible/infeasible regions and solutions; optimal feasible solutions with up to three nontrivial constraints. |
| 12 | Mathematical Modeling | Formulation of simple real-life problems; solutions using matrices, calculus, and linear programming. |
BITSAT 2026 English Proficiency Syllabus
| Chapter No. | Topic Area | Details |
| 1 | Grammar | Determiners, Prepositions, Modals, Adjectives, Relative Pronouns; Agreement, Time and Tense; Parallel Construction; Voice and Transformation; Question Tags, Relative Clauses. |
| 2 | Vocabulary | Odd Word, One Word, Spelling & Word Formation, Homophones; Contextual Meanings (Definitions, Academic Vocabulary, Connotation); Synonyms, Antonyms, Collocations; Phrasal Verbs & Idioms; Analogy. |
| 3 | Reading Comprehension | Content/Ideas (Main ideas, Conclusions, Supporting Evidence, Anticipation, Fact vs Opinion); Vocabulary (Figurative usage – Metaphors, Similes; CLOZE tests); Summary (Choosing correct summary); Referents; Reorganization of Information (Jigsaw reading). |
| 4 | Composition | Rearrangement (Word order, Logical paragraph organization); Paragraph & Unity (Identifying correct topic sentence); Linkers/Connectives. |
BITSAT 2026 Logical Reasoning Syllabus
| Chapter No. | Topic Area | Details |
| 5 | Verbal Reasoning | Analogy: identifying similar relationships; Classification: spotting odd one out in a group; Series Completion: completing or identifying errors in number/letter series; Logical Deduction: reading passage-based conclusions; Chart Logic: completing partially filled charts or tables based on information provided. |
| 6 | Nonverbal Reasoning | Pattern Perception: identifying missing quarter of a pattern; Figure Formation and Analysis: assembling a figure from parts; Paper Cutting: predicting design after cutting folded paper; Figure Matrix: identifying missing figure in a rule-based matrix; Rule Detection: selecting figure sets that obey a given rule. |
BITSAT 2026 Biology Syllabus
| Chapter No. | Topic Area | Details |
| 1 | Diversity in Living World | Biology meaning and relevance; What is living; Taxonomic categories and nomenclature; Classification systems; Plant kingdom major groups; Animal kingdom – Nonchordates & Chordates features |
| 2 | Cell: The Unit of Life | Cell structures and functions; Differences between prokaryotic/eukaryotic and plant/animal cells; Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis; Biomolecules (carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids); Enzymes chemical nature and mechanisms |
| 3 | Genetics and Evolution | Mendelian inheritance, gene interaction, alleles; Linkage, crossing over; DNA organization, replication, transcription, translation; Gene regulation, DNA fingerprinting; Theories and evidence of evolution |
| 4 | Structure and Function – Plants | Morphology, tissues, anatomy of plant parts; Water and nutrient transport; Mineral nutrition; Photosynthesis pathways; Respiration types and cycles |
| 5 | Structure and Function – Animals | Human physiology: digestion, respiration; Circulation and body fluids; Excretion; Locomotion; Nervous and endocrine systems |
| 6 | Reproduction, Growth, Movement – Plants | Asexual and sexual reproduction; Growth regulators; Plant movements; Apical dominance; Photoperiodism; Senescence |
| 7 | Reproduction and Development – Humans | Male/female reproductive systems; Menstrual cycle, gamete production, fertilization; Embryo development; Pregnancy, parturition; Birth control methods |
| 8 | Ecology and Environment | Ecology definitions; Levels of organization; Ecosystem components and pyramids; Energy flow; Adaptations to aquatic/desert habitats; Biodiversity and conservation; Pollution types and control |
| 9 | Biology and Human Welfare | Animal husbandry; Major human diseases and control; Cancer, AIDS; Drug abuse; Immunology basics; Plant breeding and tissue culture |
| 10 | Biotechnology and its Applications | Microbes in biotech; Industrial and food applications; Recombinant DNA technology steps; Human health applications; Industrial and agricultural biotech uses |
With the syllabus in hand, let’s move on to understanding the exam pattern for BITSAT 2026.
BITSAT 2026 Exam Pattern
BITSAT 2026 is a computer-based online exam. You will take the test at a designated exam centre. The question paper will be entirely multiple-choice, with four answer options for each question.
Subjects and Number of Questions
The BITSAT 2026 exam covers five subjects: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, English Proficiency, and Logical Reasoning. Here’s a breakdown of the number of questions in each section:
- Physics: 30 questions
- Chemistry: 30 questions
- Mathematics/Biology: 40 questions (Choose either Mathematics or Biology)
- English Proficiency: 10 questions
- Logical Reasoning: 20 questions
Total Questions: 130
Optional Extra Questions: If you finish answering the 130 (or 140) questions within the allotted time, you can attempt an optional set of 12 additional questions from Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics/Biology, and Logical Reasoning (3 questions from each subject).
Important Note: Once you choose to attempt the extra questions, you cannot go back and change your answers in the original 130 (or 140) questions.
Now that you’re familiar with the exam pattern, let’s explore the marking scheme for BITSAT 2026.
BITSAT 2026 Marking Scheme
The BITSAT 2026 exam has a total of 130 questions. These questions are divided across four subjects: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Logical Reasoning, and English. Here’s the subject-wise distribution of marks:
- Physics: 30 questions – 90 marks
- Chemistry: 30 questions – 90 marks
- Mathematics: 40 questions – 120 marks
- Logical Reasoning: 20 questions – 60 marks
- English Proficiency: 10 questions – 30 marks
Remember, all questions carry equal marks within a subject.
Marking for Correct Answers
You will receive 3 marks for every question you answer correctly in the BITSAT exam. This applies to all subjects and sections. There’s no weightage for difficulty levels – a simple question answered correctly earns you the same marks as a complex one.
Penalty for Incorrect Answers
BITSAT 2026 has negative marking. This means you lose marks for answering questions incorrectly. For each question you answer incorrectly, 1 mark will be deducted from your total score.
Here’s an important point to remember: There’s no penalty for leaving a question unanswered. If you’re unsure about the answer, it’s best to leave it blank to avoid a negative mark.
How to Calculate Your Score
Once you’ve finished the exam, you can estimate your score by following these steps:
- For each section, add up the number of questions you answered correctly.
- Multiply the number of correct answers in each section by 3 (marks for each correct answer).
- If you answered any questions incorrectly, add up the number of those questions.
- Multiply the number of incorrect answers by 1 (negative marking penalty).
- Subtract the total negative marks (step 4) from the total correct marks (step 2).
- The final result will be your estimated BITSAT score.
Tips for Maximising Your Score
Understanding the marking scheme can help you approach the BITSAT exam strategically. Here are some tips:
- Focus on accuracy: Aim to answer questions correctly rather than attempting all of them. Avoid guessing blindly, as it can lead to negative marking.
- Manage your time: Strategize how much time to spend on each section based on your strengths and weaknesses. Don’t get stuck on a single question; move on if needed and come back later if time permits.
- Review your answers: If you have time left, use it to review your marked answers. Double-check for careless mistakes, especially in calculations or silly errors.
By understanding the marking scheme and following these tips, you can approach the BITSAT exam with confidence and maximise your chances of scoring well.
Stay tuned as we uncover the crucial topics you need to prioritise in your BITSAT 2026 preparation journey.
BITSAT Syllabus Important Topics
Identify the key focal points within the BITSAT Syllabus for 2026. Here, we’ll highlight the important topics you should prioritise in your preparation to excel in the upcoming BITSAT exam:
BITSAT Math Important Topics
- Coordinate Geometry (Circles, Straight Lines): Master the formulas and applications of circles, including equations, tangents, and normals. Be comfortable solving problems involving equations of straight lines, intersection points, and slopes.
- Vectors: Understand vector addition, subtraction, multiplication by scalars, and applications of vectors in solving geometrical and physical problems.
- Differential Calculus: Focus on concepts like limits, derivatives (of basic functions, products, quotients, and composite functions), and applications of derivatives in finding slopes, maxima, and minima.
- Complex Numbers, Binomial Theorem, Set Theory and Relations, Matrices and Determinants: Be familiar with operations on complex numbers (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), applications of the Binomial Theorem, basic set theory concepts (sets, unions, intersections, complements), relations, matrix operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication), and determinants.
- Trigonometry: Be thorough with trigonometric identities, ratios (sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, cotangent), applications in solving triangles, and inverse trigonometric functions.
- Probability: Understand basic probability concepts (events, sample space), conditional probability, and applications of probability problems.
BITSAT Physics Important Topics
- Heat and Thermodynamics: Grasp concepts like thermal expansion, calorimetry, specific heat capacity, work done by a gas, first law of thermodynamics, and applications.
- Magnetic Effect of Current: Understand magnetic fields, electromagnets, force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, and applications.
- SHM (Simple Harmonic Motion): Be familiar with the concept of simple harmonic motion, its equations, periodic motion, and applications.
- Waves and Optics: Understand wave properties (reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction), types of waves (transverse, longitudinal), and basic concepts of light and optics.
- Current Electricity: Master concepts like electric current, potential difference, resistance, Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s laws, and circuits.
- Electrostatics: Understand electrostatics, electric fields, electric potential, capacitors, and applications.
BITSAT Chemistry Important Topics
- Chemical Bonding: Be thorough with different types of chemical bonding (ionic, covalent, metallic), Lewis structures, and their properties.
- Biomolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids): Understand the structure, function, and importance of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
- Atomic Structure: Grasp the concepts of atomic structure, including atomic number, mass number, isotopes, and electronic configuration.
- p-block Elements: Study the properties and reactions of p-block elements.
- Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes: Understand the structure, nomenclature, and reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
- Electrochemistry: Be familiar with concepts like electrochemical cells, redox reactions, standard electrode potential, and electrolysis.
BITSAT Logical Reasoning Important Topics
- Figure Formation and Analysis: Practise identifying patterns and relationships between shapes and figures.
- Figure Matrix: Solve problems based on the relationship between figures arranged in a matrix.
- Analogy: Identify the relationship between two things and apply that relationship to find a missing element in another analogy.
- Series Completion: Recognize the pattern in a series of numbers or shapes and use that pattern to complete the series.
- Logical Deduction: Analyse statements and arguments to draw logical conclusions.
BITSAT English Important Topics
- Synonyms and Antonyms: Build your vocabulary by understanding synonyms (words with similar meanings) and antonyms (words with opposite meanings).
- Sentence Completion: Choose the word that best completes the meaning of a sentence.
- Rearrangement of Jumbled Words: Arrange jumbled words or phrases to form a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.
- One-Word Substitution: Replace a phrase or sentence with a single word that conveys the same meaning.
- Tenses, Prepositions: Master the proper usage of tenses (past, present, future) and prepositions (in, on, at, for, etc.) in sentences.
By focusing on these high-weightage topics in each section, you can effectively prepare for the BITSAT exam and increase your chances of scoring well. Remember, consistent practice and thorough understanding are key to success.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the BITSAT syllabus for 2026 is vital for exam preparation. By knowing the subject-wise syllabus, students can focus their studies effectively. Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry are the key areas to concentrate on.
Practice and thorough understanding of each topic are essential. Regular revisions aid in solidifying concepts. Staying updated with the latest syllabus ensures no surprises on exam day. Clear communication with teachers or mentors can clarify doubts.
Dedication and consistent effort lead to success. With proper planning and adherence to the syllabus, students can confidently tackle the BITSAT exam and strive towards achieving their academic goals.
