The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is one of the most competitive and challenging entrance exams in India. It serves as the gateway to premier engineering institutions, including the prestigious Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), National Institutes of Technology (NITs), and other top engineering colleges across the country. The JEE is divided into two stages: JEE Mains and JEE Advanced. Both exams play a crucial role in determining a student’s eligibility and ranking for admission to these institutions.
JEE Mains is the first stage of the entrance process and is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA). This exam is open to all students who have completed their higher secondary education with a focus on Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics.
Understanding the syllabus is a fundamental aspect of effective preparation for any exam, and JEE is no exception. The syllabus for both JEE Mains and JEE Advanced is vast and covers a wide range of topics in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. Having a clear understanding of the syllabus helps students in several ways. Also, some of the chapters are JEE Mains specific, which means that those chapters won’t come in the JEE Advanced. So, a thorough understanding of the syllabus difference of JEE Mains and Advanced is a must for a good preparation.
The purpose of this article is to provide a detailed overview of the JEE Mains and JEE Advanced syllabi. By doing so, the article aims to help students gain a clear understanding of what to expect in these exams and how to prepare effectively.
JEE Mains Syllabus 2025
The JEE Mains syllabus covers a wide range of topics from Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. It’s designed to test your understanding of fundamental concepts and your ability to apply them to solve problems.
JEE Main Syllabus 2025 For Physics
| Units | Topics | Sub Topics |
| Unit 1 | Physics and Measurement | Physics, technology, and society, S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, Errors in measurement, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications. |
| Unit 2 | Kinematics | The frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position- time graph, speed and velocity; Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector. Addition and subtraction, zero vector, scalar and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion. |
| Unit 3 | Laws of Motion | Force and inertia, Newton’s First law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications. |
| Unit 4 | Work, Energy and Power | Work done by a content force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power.The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and neoconservative forces; Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions. |
| Unit 5 | Rotational Motion | Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; a moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; the moment of inertia, the radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, and their applications. Rigid body rotation equations of rotational motion. |
| Unit 6 | Gravitation | The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s law of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, Orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary satellites. |
| Unit 7 | Properties of Solids and Liquids | Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law. Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Viscosity. Stokes’ law. terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow. Reynolds number. Bernoulli’s principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension – drops, bubbles, and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer-conduction, convection, and radiation. Newton’s law of cooling. |
| Unit 8 | Thermodynamics | Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, the concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes. Carnot engine and its efficiency. |
| Unit 9 | Kinetic Theory of Gases | Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases – assumptions, the concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules: Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy, applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro’s number. |
| Unit 10 | Oscillation and Waves | Periodic motion – period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. – Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period: Free, forced and damped oscillations, resonance. Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of a wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, a reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler Effect in sound |
| Unit 11 | Electrostatics | Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb’s law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.Electric flux: Gauss’s law and its applications to find fields due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges in an electrostatic field.Conductors and insulators: Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitor, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates. Energy stored in a capacitor. |
| Unit 12 | Current Electricity | Electric current. Drift velocity. Ohm’s law. Electrical resistance. Resistances of different materials. V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and power. Electrical resistivity. Colour code for resistors; Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance. Electric Cell and its Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge. Metre Bridge. Potentiometer – principle and its applications. |
| Unit 13 | Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism | Biot – Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel currents carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances. Magnetic susceptibility and permeability. Hysteresis. Electromagnets and permanent magnets. |
| Unit 14 | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current | Electromagnetic induction: Faraday’s law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: Quality factor, power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer. |
| Unit 15 | Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves. |
| Unit 16 | Optics | Reflection and refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, mirror formula. Total internal reflection and its applications. Deviation and Dispersion of light by a; prism; Lens Formula. Magnification. Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.Wave opticswavefront and Huygens’ principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young’s double-slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation, plane-polarised light: Brewster’s law, uses of plane-polarised light and Polaroid. |
| Unit 17 | Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation | Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment. |
| Unit 18 | Atoms and Nuclei | Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars: isotones. Radioactivity- alpha. beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion. |
| Unit 19 | Electronic Devices | Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: 1-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED. the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor: transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR. AND. NOT. NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch. |
JEE Main Syllabus 2025 For Chemistry
| Units | Topics | Sub Topics |
| Unit 1 | Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry | Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory : Concept of atom, molecule, element, and compound: Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision, and accuracy, significant figures. S.I.Units, dimensional analysis: Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and stoichiometry. |
| Unit 2 | Atomic Structure | Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations; Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model of a hydrogen atom – its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr’s model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie’s relationship. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom, its important features. Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions: Variation of Y and Y2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p, and d – orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number: Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle. Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals. |
| Unit 3 | Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure | Kossel – Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds.Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity. Fajan’s rule, dipole moment: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR ) theory and shapes of simple molecules. Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory – its important features, the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance. Molecular Orbital Theory – Its important features. LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy. Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications. |
| Unit 4 | Chemical Thermodynamics | Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes. The first law of thermodynamics – Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionisation, and solution. The second law of thermodynamics – Spontaneity of processes; DS of the universe and DG of the system as criteria for spontaneity. DG° (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant. |
| Unit 5 | Solutions | Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution – molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult’s Law – Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure – composition, plots for ideal and nonideal solutions; Colligative properties of dilute solutions – a relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, the elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, van’t Hoff factor and its significance. |
| Unit 6 | Equilibrium | Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid – gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry’s law. General characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes. Equilibrium involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, the significance of DG and DG° in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier’s principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionisation of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius. Bronsted – Lowry and Lewis) and their ionisation, acid-base equilibria (including multi stage ionisation) and ionisation constants, ionisation of water. pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, the solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions. |
| Unit 7 | Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry | Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions. Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities and their variation with concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications. Electrochemical cells – Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half – cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change: Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells. |
| Unit 8 | Chemical Kinetics | Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure, and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate of reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation). |
JEE Main Syllabus 2025 For Inorganic Chemistry
| Units | Topics | Sub Topics |
| Unit 9 | Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties | Modern periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p. d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements of atomic and ionic radii, ionisation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity. |
| Unit 10 | p-block elements | Group -13 to Group 18 ElementsGeneral Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behaviour of the first element in each group. Groupwise study of the p – block elements (Group -13)Preparation, properties, and uses of boron and aluminium; Structure, properties, and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminium chloride, and alums. (Group -14)The tendency for catenation; Structure, properties, and uses of Allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites, and silicones. (Group -15)Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotropic forms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure, and uses of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine, and phosphorus halides, (PCl3. PCl5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus. (Group -16)Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of ozone: Allotropic forms of sulphur; Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of sulphuric acid (including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulphur. (Group-17)Preparation, properties, and uses of hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens. (Group-18) |
| Unit 11 | d- and f-block elements | Transition ElementsGeneral introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first-row transition elements – physical properties, ionisation enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties, and uses of K2Cr2O7, and KMnO4.Inner Transition ElementsLanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states, and lanthanide contraction.Actinoids – Electronic configuration and oxidation states. |
| Unit 12 | Coordination Compounds | Introduction to coordination compounds. Werner’s theory; ligands, coordination number, denticity. chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism; Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; Importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems). |
JEE Main Syllabus 2025 For Organic Chemistry
| Units | Topics | Sub Topics |
| Unit 13 | Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds | Purification – Crystallisation, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, and chromatography – principles and their applications.Qualitative analysis – Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, and halogens.Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) – Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formula and molecular formulae: Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis |
| Unit 14 | Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry | Tetravalency of carbon: Shapes of simple molecules – hybridization (s and p): Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur; Homologous series: Isomerism – structural and stereoisomerism. Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)Covalent bond fission – Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals, carbocations, and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles, and nucleophiles. Electronic displacement in a covalent bond – Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyperconjugation.Common types of organic reactions- Substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement. |
| Unit 15 | Hydrocarbons | Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions.Alkanes – Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane): Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes. Alkenes – Geometrical isomerism: Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoffs and peroxide effect): Ozonolysis and polymerization. Alkynes – Acidic character: Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, and hydrogen halides: Polymerization.Aromatic hydrocarbons – Nomenclature, benzene – structure and aromaticity: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration.Friedel – Crafts alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in monosubstituted benzene. |
| Unit 16 | Organic Compounds containing Halogen | General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform freons, and DDT. |
| Unit 17 | Organic Compounds containing Oxygen | General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses.Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols: mechanism of dehydration. Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation. nitration and sulphonation. Reimer – Tiemann reaction.Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as – Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN. NH3, and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation: reduction (Wolf Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of a-hydrogen. aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction. Haloform reaction, Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylic Acids Acidic strength and factors affecting it |
| Unit 18 | Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen | General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses.Amines: Nomenclature, classification structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character.Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry. |
| Unit 19 | Biomolecules | General introduction and importance of biomolecules. CARBOHYDRATES – Classification; aldoses and ketoses: monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose).PROTEINS – Elementary Idea of a-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides. Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes. VITAMINS – Classification and functions. NUCLEIC ACIDS – Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions of nucleic acids |
| Unit 20 | Principles Related to Practical Chemistry | Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, Sulphur, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the following functional groups; hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones) carboxyl, and amino groups in organic compounds.· The chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:Inorganic compounds; Mohr’s salt, potash alum.Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitro acetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.· The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises – Acids, bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO4· Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysisChemical principles involved in the following experiments:1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO4 2. Enthalpy of neutralisation of strong acid and strong base. 3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols. 4. Kinetic study of the reaction of iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature. |
JEE Main Syllabus 2025 For Mathematics
| Units | Topics | Sub Topics |
| Unit 1 | Sets, Relations and Functions | Sets and their representation: Union, intersection and complement of sets and their algebraic properties; Power set; Relation, Type of relations, equivalence relations, functions; one-one, into and onto functions, the composition of functions |
| Unit 2 | Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations | Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers in the form a + ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram, algebra of complex number, modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number, square root of a complex number, triangle inequality, Quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions Relations between roots and coefficient, nature of roots, the formation of quadratic equations with given roots. |
| Unit 3 | Matrices and Determinants | Matrices, algebra of matrices, type of matrices, determinants, and matrices of order two and three, properties of determinants, evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using determinants, Adjoint, and evaluation of inverse of a square matrix using determinants and elementary transformations, Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using determinants and matrices |
| Unit 4 | Permutation and Combination | The fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an arrangement and combination as section, Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r), simple applications |
| Unit 5 | Binomial Theorem and its Simple Applications | Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term and middle term, properties of Binomial coefficients, and simple applications |
| Unit 6 | Sequence and Series | Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, insertion of arithmetic, geometric means between two given numbers, Relation between A.M and G.M sum up to n terms of special series; Sn, Sn2, Sn3. Arithmetico-Geometric progression |
| Unit 7 | Limit, Continuity and Differentiability | Real–valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions, inverse function. Graphs of simple functions. Limits, continuity, and differentiability. Differentiation of the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions. Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite and implicit functions; derivatives of order up to two, Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean value Theorems, Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic Increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima and minima of functions of one variable, tangents and normal. |
| Unit 8 | Integral Calculus | Integral as an antiderivative, Fundamental Integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions. Integrations by substitution, by parts, and by partial functions. Integration using trigonometric identities. Integral as the limit of a sum. The fundamental theorem of calculus, properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form. |
| Unit 9 | Differential Equations | Ordinary differential equations, their order, and degree, the formation of differential equations, solution of differential equation by the method of separation of variables, solution of a homogeneous and linear differential equation |
| Unit 10 | Coordinate Geometry | Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane, distance formula, sections formula, locus, and its equation, translation of axes, the slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the coordinate axis.Straight lineVarious forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, the distance of a point form a line, equations of internal and external by sectors of angles between two lines coordinate of the centroid, orthocentre, and circumcentre of a triangle, equation of the family of lines passing through the point of intersection of two lines.Circle, conic sectionsA standard form of equations of a circle, the general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and central, equation of a circle when the endpoints of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent, sections of conics, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition for Y = mx +c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency |
| Unit 11 | Three Dimensional Geometry | Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, directions ratios, and direction cosines, the angle between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them, and its equation. Equations of a line and a plane in different forms, the intersection of a line and a plane, and coplanar lines. |
| Unit 12 | Vector Algebra | Vectors and scalars, the addition of vectors, components of a vector in two dimensions and three-dimensional space, scalar and vector products, scalar and vector triple products. |
| Unit 13 | Statistics and Probability | Measures of discretion; calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data calculation of standard deviation, variance and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data. Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication theorems of probability, Bayes theorem, probability distribution of a random variate, Bernoulli trials, and binomial distribution. |
| Unit 14 | Trigonometry | Trigonometric identities and equations, trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, and their properties, heights, and distance |
So, you know what’s on the JEE Mains syllabus. Let’s take a look at the JEE Advanced syllabus next.
JEE Advanced Syllabus 2025
The JEE Advanced syllabus goes beyond the basics and tests your depth of understanding. It covers more advanced topics and requires you to think critically and creatively.
JEE Advanced Syllabus 2025 For Physics
| Chapter Name | Topics |
| General | Units and dimensions, dimensional analysis; least count, significant figures; Methods of measurement and error analysis for physical quantities pertaining to the following experiments: Experiments based on using Vernier callipers and screw gauge (micrometre), Determination of g using simple pendulum, Young’s modulus by Searle’s method, Specific heat of a liquid using calorimeter, focal length of a concave mirror and a convex lens using u-v method, Speed of sound using resonance column, Verification of Ohm’s law using voltmeter and ammeter, and specific resistance of the material of a wire using metre bridge and post office box. |
| Mechanics | Kinematics in one and two dimensions (Cartesian coordinates only), projectiles; Uniform circular motion; Relative velocity. |
| Newton’s laws of motion; Inertial and uniformly accelerated frames of reference; Static and dynamic friction; Kinetic and potential energy; Work and power; Conservation of linear momentum and mechanical energy. | |
| Systems of particles; Centre of mass and its motion; Impulse; Elastic and inelastic collisions. | |
| Law of gravitation; Gravitational potential and field; Acceleration due to gravity; Motion of planets and satellites in circular orbits; Escape velocity. | |
| Rigid body, moment of inertia, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, moment of inertia of uniform bodies with simple geometrical shapes; Angular momentum; | |
| Torque; Conservation of angular momentum; Dynamics of rigid bodies with fixed axis of rotation; Rolling without slipping of rings, cylinders and spheres; Equilibrium of rigid bodies; Collision of point masses with rigid bodies. | |
| Linear and angular simple harmonic motions. | |
| Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus. | |
| Pressure in a fluid; Pascal’s law; Buoyancy; Surface energy and surface tension, capillary rise; Viscosity (Poiseuille’s equation excluded), Stoke’s law; Terminal velocity, Streamline flow, equation of continuity, Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications. | |
| Wave motion (plane waves only), longitudinal and transverse waves, superposition of waves; Progressive and stationary waves; Vibration of strings and air columns; Resonance; Beats; Speed of sound in gases; Doppler effect (in sound). | |
| Thermal physics | Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases; Calorimetry, latent heat; Heat conduction in one dimension; Elementary concepts of convection and radiation; Newton’s law of cooling; Ideal gas laws; Specific heats (Cv and Cp for monatomic and diatomic gases); Isothermal and adiabatic processes, bulk modulus of gases; Equivalence of heat and work; First law of thermodynamics and its applications (only for ideal gases); Blackbody radiation: absorptive and emissive powers; Kirchhoff’s law; Wien’s displacement law, Stefan’s law. |
| Electricity and magnetism | Coulomb’s law; Electric field and potential; Electrical potential energy of a system of point charges and electrical dipoles in a uniform electrostatic field; Electric field lines; Flux of electric field; Gauss’s law and its application in simple cases, such as, to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. |
| Capacitance; Parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectrics; Capacitors in series and parallel; Energy stored in a capacitor. | |
| Electric current; Ohm’s law; Series and parallel arrangements of resistances and cells; Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications; Heating effect of current. | |
| Biot–Savart’s law and Ampere’s law; Magnetic field near a current-carrying straight wire, along the axis of a circular coil and inside a long straight solenoid; Force on a moving charge and a current-carrying wire in a uniform magnetic field. | |
| Magnetic moment of a current loop; Effect of a uniform magnetic field on a current loop; Moving coil galvanometer, voltmeter, ammeter and their conversions. Electromagnetic induction: Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law; Self and mutual inductance; RC, LR and LC circuits with d.c. and a.c. sources. | |
| Optics | Rectilinear propagation of light; Reflection and refraction at plane and spherical surfaces; Total internal reflection; Deviation and dispersion of light by a prism; Thin lenses; Combinations of mirrors and thin lenses; Magnification. |
| Wave nature of light: Huygen’s principle, interference limited to Young’s double-slit experiment. | |
| Modern physics | Atomic nucleus; Alpha, Beta and Gamma radiations; Law of radioactive decay; Decay constant; Half-life and mean life; Binding energy and its calculation; Fission and fusion processes; Energy calculation in these processes. |
| Photoelectric effect; Bohr’s theory of hydrogen-like atoms; Characteristic and continuous X-rays, Moseley’s law; de Broglie wavelength of matter waves. |
JEE Advanced Syllabus 2025 For Chemistry
| Chapter Name | Topics |
| Physical Chemistry | |
| General topics | Concept of atoms and molecules; Dalton’s atomic theory; Mole concept; Chemical formulae; Balanced chemical equations; Calculations (based on mole concept) involving common oxidation-reduction, neutralisation, and displacement reactions; Concentration in terms of mole fraction, molarity, molality and normality. |
| Gaseous and liquid states | Absolute scale of temperature, ideal gas equation; Deviation from ideality, van der Waals equation; Kinetic theory of gases, average, root mean square and most probable velocities and their relation with temperature; Law of partial pressures; Vapour pressure; Diffusion of gases. |
| Atomic structure and chemical bonding | Bohr model, spectrum of hydrogen atom, quantum numbers; Wave-particle duality, de Broglie hypothesis; Uncertainty principle; Qualitative quantum mechanical picture of hydrogen atom, shapes of s, p and d orbitals; Electronic configurations of elements (up to atomic number 36); Aufbau principle; Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule; Orbital overlap and covalent bond; Hybridisation involving s, p and d orbitals only; Orbital energy diagrams for homonuclear diatomic species; Hydrogen bond; Polarity in molecules, dipole moment (qualitative aspects only); VSEPR model and shapes of molecules (linear, angular, triangular, square planar, pyramidal, square pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral and octahedral). |
| Energetics | First law of thermodynamics; Internal energy, work and heat, pressure-volume work; Enthalpy, Hess’s law; Heat of reaction, fusion and evaporation; Second law of thermodynamics; Entropy; Free energy; Criterion of spontaneity. |
| Chemical equilibrium | Law of mass action; Equilibrium constant, Le Chatelier’s principle (effect of concentration, temperature and pressure); Significance of ?G and ?G0 in chemical equilibrium; Solubility product, common ion effect, pH and buffer solutions; Acids and bases (Bronsted and Lewis concepts); Hydrolysis of salts. |
| Electrochemistry | Electrochemical cells and cell reactions; Standard electrode potentials; Nernst equation and its relation; Electrochemical series, emf of galvanic cells; Faraday’s laws of electrolysis; Electrolytic conductance, specific, equivalent and molar conductivity, Kohlrausch’s law; Concentration cells. |
| Chemical kinetics | Rates of chemical reactions; Order of reactions; Rate constant; First order reactions; Temperature dependence of rate constant (Arrhenius equation). |
| Solid state | Classification of solids, crystalline state, seven crystal systems (cell parameters a, b, c, alpha, beta, gamma), close packed structure of solids (cubic), packing in fcc, bcc and hcp lattices; Nearest neighbours, ionic radii, simple ionic compounds, point defects. |
| Solutions | Raoult’s law; Molecular weight determination from lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point. |
| Surface chemistry | Elementary concepts of adsorption (excluding adsorption isotherms); Colloids: types, methods of preparation and general properties; Elementary ideas of emulsions, surfactants and micelles (only definitions and examples). |
| Nuclear chemistry | Radioactivity: isotopes and isobars; Properties of alpha, Beta and Gamma rays; Kinetics of radioactive decay (decay series excluded), carbon dating; Stability of nuclei with respect to proton-neutron ratio; Brief discussion on fission and fusion reactions. |
| Inorganic Chemistry | |
| Isolation/preparation and properties of the following non-metals | Boron, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulphur and halogens; Properties of allotropes of carbon (only diamond and graphite), phosphorus and sulphur. |
| Preparation and properties of the following compounds | Oxides, peroxides, hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium; Boron: diborane, boric acid and borax; Aluminium: alumina, aluminium chloride and alums; Carbon: oxides and oxyacid (carbonic acid); Silicon: silicones, silicates and silicon carbide; Nitrogen: oxides, oxyacids and ammonia; Phosphorus: oxides, oxyacids (phosphorus acid, phosphoric acid) and phosphine; Oxygen: ozone and hydrogen peroxide; Sulphur: hydrogen sulphide, oxides, sulphurous acid, sulphuric acid and sodium thiosulphate; Halogens: hydrohalic acids, oxides and oxyacids of chlorine, bleaching powder; Xenon fluorides. |
| Transition elements (3d series) | Definition, general characteristics, oxidation states and their stabilities, colour (excluding the details of electronic transitions) and calculation of spin-only magnetic moment; Coordination compounds: nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, cis-trans and ionisation isomerisms, hybridization and geometries of mononuclear coordination compounds (linear, tetrahedral, square planar and octahedral). |
| Preparation and properties of the following compounds | Oxides and chlorides of tin and lead; Oxides, chlorides and sulphates of Fe2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+; Potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, silver oxide, silver nitrate, silver thiosulphate. |
| Ores and minerals | Commonly occurring ores and minerals of iron, copper, tin, lead, magnesium, aluminium, zinc and silver. |
| Extractive metallurgy | Chemical principles and reactions only (industrial details excluded); Carbon reduction method (iron and tin); Self reduction method (copper and lead); |
| Electrolytic reduction method (magnesium and aluminium); Cyanide process (silver and gold). | |
| Principles of qualitative analysis | Groups I to V (only Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Bi3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Al3+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+); Nitrate, halides (excluding fluoride), sulphate and sulphide. |
| Organic Chemistry | |
| Concepts | Hybridisation of carbon; ? and ?-bonds; Shapes of simple organic molecules; Structural and geometrical isomerism; Optical isomerism of compounds containing up to two asymmetric centres, (R, S and E, Z nomenclature excluded); IUPAC nomenclature of simple organic compounds (only hydrocarbons, mono-functional and bi-functional compounds); Conformations of ethane and butane (Newman projections); Resonance and hyperconjugation; Keto-enol tautomerism; Determination of empirical and molecular formulae of simple compounds (only combustion method); Hydrogen bonds: definition and their effects on physical properties of alcohols and carboxylic acids; Inductive and resonance effects on acidity and basicity of organic acids and bases; Polarity and inductive effects in alkyl halides; Reactive intermediates produced during homolytic and heterolytic bond cleavage; Formation, structure and stability of carbocations, carbanions and free radicals. |
| Preparation, properties and reactions of alkanes | Homologous series, physical properties of alkanes (melting points, boiling points and density); Combustion and halogenation of alkanes; Preparation of alkanes by Wurtz reaction and decarboxylation reactions. |
| Preparation, properties and reactions of alkenes and alkynes | Physical properties of alkenes and alkynes (boiling points, density and dipole moments); Acidity of alkynes; Acid catalysed hydration of alkenes and alkynes (excluding the stereochemistry of addition and elimination); Reactions of alkenes with KMnO4 and ozone; Reduction of alkenes and alkynes; Preparation of alkenes and alkynes by elimination reactions; Electrophilic addition reactions of alkenes with X2, HX, HOX and H2O (X=halogen); Addition reactions of alkynes; Metal acetylides. |
| Reactions of benzene | Structure and aromaticity; Electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation, nitration, sulphonation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation; Effect of o-, m- and p-directing groups in monosubstituted benzenes. |
| Phenols | Acidity, electrophilic substitution reactions (halogenation, nitration and sulphonation); Reimer-Tieman reaction, Kolbe reaction. |
| Characteristic reactions of the following (including those mentioned above) | Alkyl halides: rearrangement reactions of alkyl carbocation, Grignard reactions, nucleophilic substitution reactions; Alcohols: esterification, dehydration and oxidation, reaction with sodium, phosphorus halides, ZnCl2/concentrated HCl, conversion of alcohols into aldehydes and ketones; Ethers: Preparation by Williamson’s Synthesis; Aldehydes and Ketones: oxidation, reduction, oxime and hydrazone formation; aldol condensation, Perkin reaction; Cannizzaro reaction; haloform reaction and nucleophilic addition reactions (Grignard addition); Carboxylic acids: formation of esters, acid chlorides and amides, ester hydrolysis; Amines: basicity of substituted anilines and aliphatic amines, preparation from nitro compounds, reaction with nitrous acid, azo coupling reaction of diazonium salts of aromatic amines, Sandmeyer and related reactions of diazonium salts; carbylamine reaction; Haloarenes: nucleophilic aromatic substitution in haloarenes and substituted haloarenes (excluding Benzyne mechanism and Cine substitution). |
| Carbohydrates | Classification; mono- and di-saccharides (glucose and sucrose); Oxidation, reduction, glycoside formation and hydrolysis of sucrose. |
| Amino acids and peptides | General structure (only primary structure for peptides) and physical properties |
| Properties and uses of some important polymers | Natural rubber, cellulose, nylon, teflon and PVC. |
| Practical organic chemistry | Detection of elements (N, S, halogens); Detection and identification of the following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl, amino and nitro; Chemical methods of separation of monofunctional organic compounds from binary mixtures. |
JEE Advanced Syllabus 2025 For Mathematics
| Chapter Name | Topics |
| Algebra | Algebra of complex numbers, addition, multiplication, conjugation, polar representation, properties of modulus and principal argument, triangle inequality, cube roots of unity, geometric interpretations. |
| Quadratic equations with real coefficients, relations between roots and coefficients, formation of quadratic equations with given roots, symmetric functions of roots. Arithmetic, geometric and harmonic progressions, arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means, sums of finite arithmetic and geometric progressions, infinite geometric series, sums of squares and cubes of the first n natural numbers. | |
| Logarithms and their properties. | |
| Permutations and combinations, binomial theorem for a positive integral index, properties of binomial coefficients. | |
| Matrices | Matrices as a rectangular array of real numbers, equality of matrices, addition, multiplication by a scalar and product of matrices, transpose of a matrix, determinant of a square matrix of order up to three, inverse of a square matrix of order up to three, properties of these matrix operations, diagonal, symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices and their properties, solutions of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables. |
| Probability | Addition and multiplication rules of probability, conditional probability, Bayes Theorem, independence of events, computation of probability of events using permutations and combinations. |
| Trigonometry | Trigonometric functions, their periodicity and graphs, addition and subtraction formulae, formulae involving multiple and sub-multiple angles, general solution of trigonometric equations. |
| Relations between sides and angles of a triangle, sine rule, cosine rule, half-angle formula and the area of a triangle, inverse trigonometric functions (principal value only). | |
| Analytical geometry | Two dimensions: Cartesian coordinates, distance between two points, section formulae, shift of origin. |
| Equation of a straight line in various forms, angle between two lines, distance of a point from a line; Lines through the point of intersection of two given lines, equation of the bisector of the angle between two lines, concurrency of lines; Centroid, orthocentre, incentre and circumcentre of a triangle. | |
| Equation of a circle in various forms, equations of tangent, normal and chord. Parametric equations of a circle, intersection of a circle with a straight line or a circle, equation of a circle through the points of intersection of two circles and those of a circle and a straight line. | |
| Equations of a parabola, ellipse and hyperbola in standard form, their foci, directrices and eccentricity, parametric equations, equations of tangent and normal. Locus problems. | |
| Three dimensions: Direction cosines and direction ratios, equation of a straight line in space, equation of a plane, distance of a point from a plane. | |
| Differential calculus | Real valued functions of a real variable, into, onto and one-to-one functions, sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, composite functions, absolute value, polynomial, rational, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Limit and continuity of a function, limit and continuity of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, L’Hospital rule of evaluation of limits of functions. |
| Even and odd functions, inverse of a function, continuity of composite functions, intermediate value property of continuous functions. | |
| Derivative of a function, derivative of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, chain rule, derivatives of polynomial, rational, trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. | |
| Derivatives of implicit functions, derivatives up to order two, geometrical interpretation of the derivative, tangents and normals, increasing and decreasing functions, maximum and minimum values of a function, Rolle’s theorem and Lagrange’s mean value theorem. | |
| Integral calculus | Integration as the inverse process of differentiation, indefinite integrals of standard functions, definite integrals and their properties, fundamental theorem of integral calculus. |
| Integration by parts, integration by the methods of substitution and partial fractions, application of definite integrals to the determination of areas involving simple curves. | |
| Formation of ordinary differential equations, solution of homogeneous differential equations, separation of variables method, linear first-order differential equations. | |
| Vectors | Addition of vectors, scalar multiplication, dot and cross products, scalar triple products and their geometrical interpretations. |
Now that you know the syllabi for both exams, let’s explore the key differences between them.
Key Differences Between JEE Mains and Advanced Syllabi
This section will highlight the major differences between the JEE Mains and JEE Advanced syllabi. We will discuss how these exams differ in terms of topic depth, question difficulty, and the emphasis on problem-solving and conceptual understanding.
1) Depth and Breadth of Topics
The JEE Mains syllabus covers a wide range of topics from Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. It focuses on the basics and provides a broad understanding of each subject. On the other hand, the JEE Advanced syllabus is more in-depth. It requires a deeper understanding of the concepts and their applications. While JEE Mains tests students on their overall knowledge, JEE Advanced requires them to apply their knowledge to solve complex problems.
2) Difficulty Level of Questions
The difficulty level of the questions in JEE Mains and JEE Advanced differs significantly. JEE Mains is designed to test a student’s understanding of the basics and their ability to apply these concepts to solve problems. The questions are generally straightforward and focus on fundamental concepts. In contrast, JEE Advanced is known for its challenging questions that require a deep understanding of the subject matter. The questions in JEE Advanced are more complex and often require students to think critically and apply multiple concepts simultaneously.
3) Emphasis on Conceptual Understanding and Problem-Solving
JEE Mains places a balanced emphasis on both conceptual understanding and problem-solving. It tests students on their ability to recall and apply basic concepts. JEE Advanced, however, puts a greater emphasis on problem-solving skills. It requires students to have a strong conceptual understanding and the ability to apply these concepts to solve complex problems. The questions in JEE Advanced are designed to test the students’ analytical and problem-solving abilities.
Understanding these differences can help students tailor their preparation strategies accordingly. While it is important to have a broad understanding of the subjects for JEE Mains, students must focus on developing a deep understanding and strong problem-solving skills for JEE Advanced. With this knowledge in hand, let’s look at some practical tips for effective syllabus preparation in the next section.
Tips for Effective JEE Syllabus Preparation
In this section, we will share practical tips to help you prepare effectively for the JEE Mains and JEE Advanced exams. These tips include understanding the syllabus, creating a study plan, practising regularly, solving past papers, and seeking expert guidance.
1) Understand the Syllabus Thoroughly
The first step in your preparation journey should be to understand the syllabus thoroughly. Familiarise yourself with the topics covered in each subject and identify the key areas that require more attention. This will help you prioritise your studies and ensure that you cover all the important topics.
2) Create a Study Plan
Once you have a clear understanding of the syllabus, the next step is to create a study plan. A well-structured study plan can help you manage your time effectively and ensure that you cover the entire syllabus before the exam. Allocate specific time slots for each subject and make sure to include time for revision. Stick to your study plan and make adjustments as needed to stay on track.
3) Practise Regularly
Regular practice is key to success in the JEE exams. Practice solving questions from each topic regularly to reinforce your understanding and improve your problem-solving skills. Use a variety of resources such as textbooks, online materials, and question banks to practise. Focus on solving a mix of easy, moderate, and difficult questions to build your confidence.
4) Solve Previous Year Question Papers
Solving previous year question papers is one of the most effective ways to prepare for the JEE exams. It helps you familiarise yourself with the exam pattern, understand the types of questions asked, and identify the important topics. Practice solving these papers under exam-like conditions to improve your time management skills and build your confidence.
5) Seek Guidance from Experts
If you find certain topics challenging or need additional help, don’t hesitate to seek guidance from experts. Join coaching classes, attend online lectures, or consult with teachers and mentors who can provide you with valuable insights and help you overcome any difficulties. Their guidance can be instrumental in helping you understand complex concepts and develop effective strategies for the exam.
By following these preparation tips, you can approach your studies with confidence and efficiency. Finally, let’s summarise the key points and wrap up with some final thoughts in the conclusion.
Conclusion
Preparing for the JEE Mains and Advanced exams requires a thorough understanding of the syllabus and a strategic approach to study. By familiarising yourself with the syllabus, creating a structured study plan, practising regularly, solving previous year question papers, and seeking guidance from experts, you can enhance your preparation and increase your chances of success. Remember, consistency and dedication are key to cracking these competitive exams. Stay focused, work hard, and approach your preparation with confidence.
With a solid understanding of the syllabus and a well-structured study plan, you are well on your way to succeeding in the JEE Mains and JEE Advanced exams. Keep focused, stay consistent, and you will reach your goals.
