JEE Main Complete Syllabus (2025)

The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) Main is one of the most prestigious and competitive exams for students aspiring to pursue engineering in India. Conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA), it serves as the gateway to undergraduate engineering programs at premier institutes such as the National Institutes of Technology (NITs), Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs), and various other central and state-funded technical institutes. It is also the qualifying exam for JEE Advanced, which is required for admission into the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), among the most esteemed engineering institutions globally.

The JEE Main exam is known for its rigour and high level of competition, as it attracts hundreds of thousands of candidates each year. To excel in JEE Main, a student must have a deep understanding of Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, the three core subjects on which the exam is based. It requires not only a mastery of the syllabus but also excellent time management and problem-solving skills.

The syllabus for JEE Main 2025 will be similar to that of previous years, covering topics from both Class 11 and Class 12 curriculum. However, the level of questions in the exam often demands a much deeper understanding of concepts and the ability to apply them in complex scenarios.

This article aims to provide students with a comprehensive guide to the JEE Main 2025 exam. We will discuss the exam dates, syllabus (including subject-specific topics), chapter-wise weightage, marking scheme, and whether there are any changes in the syllabus for the 2025 exam. By the end of this article, you will have a clear understanding of the JEE Main exam and how to prepare effectively for it.

What is JEE Main?

The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) Main is an annual entrance exam conducted for students seeking admission to undergraduate engineering programs (B.E., B.Tech, B.Arch, and B.Plan) in various institutes across India. It is the first stage of the two-tier JEE system, with JEE Main being followed by JEE Advanced, which is required for admission to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).

JEE Main consists of two papers:

Paper 1: For admission to B.E./B.Tech programs. This paper tests students on three subjects: Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. The questions are a mix of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and numerical value-based questions (NVTs). It is conducted in a computer-based mode.

Paper 2: For admission to B.Arch and B.Plan programs. Paper 2 is further divided into two parts:

• B.Arch: Consists of questions on Mathematics, Aptitude, and Drawing.
• B.Plan: Consists of questions on Mathematics, Aptitude, and Planning-based questions.

The exam is conducted in multiple sessions each year, usually in January and April. Candidates can appear in either one or both sessions, and the best score out of the two is considered for ranking purposes. Many students prefer to take both attempts to improve their scores.

Importance of JEE Main for Engineering Aspirants

JEE Main plays a pivotal role in determining the academic and career paths of aspiring engineers in India. Here’s why it is such an important exam:

1) Admission to Top Engineering Colleges: The JEE Main score is used for admissions to NITs, IIITs, and GFTIs. These institutes offer world-class education and have a high reputation both in India and abroad.

2) Eligibility for JEE Advanced: Only students who qualify in JEE Main are eligible to appear for JEE Advanced, the second phase of the exam, which is required for admission into the IITs.

3) State-Level Admissions: Many state governments and private universities use JEE Main scores for admission to their engineering programs. This makes the exam one of the most widely accepted entrance tests in India.

4) Scholarships: Many scholarship programs are based on JEE Main scores. Securing a good rank can not only get you into a good college but also help reduce the financial burden of higher education.

Exam Structure and Mode

JEE Main is conducted in a computer-based mode for all subjects except for the drawing test in Paper 2, which is conducted in offline mode. The duration of the exam is 3 hours, during which students must attempt a total of 90 questions (30 questions per subject in Paper 1).

Each subject—Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics—carries equal weight, with 100 marks allotted to each, making the total score 300. The exam tests both conceptual knowledge and problem-solving skills, and the questions are designed to challenge even the best-prepared students.

The variety of questions, including multiple-choice and numerical value-based questions, ensures that students must have a thorough understanding of each subject to succeed.

JEE Main Exam Dates 2025

The JEE Main exam is conducted in two sessions each year. While the exact dates for the 2025 exam have not yet been announced, we can provide a tentative timeline based on the schedules of previous years. It is important to keep an eye on official announcements from the National Testing Agency (NTA) for the most accurate information.

Tentative JEE Main 2025 Exam Dates

• JEE Main 2025 Session 1: January 2025 (third or fourth week)
• JEE Main 2025 Session 2: April 2025 (second or third week)

Here is a general timeline of the key events related to the JEE Main 2025 exam:

• Release of Official Notification: November 2024
• Start of Registration for Session 1: November 2024
• Last Date to Register for Session 1: December 2024
• Release of Admit Cards for Session 1: January 2025 (first week)
• JEE Main Session 1 Exam: January 2025 (across multiple days)
• Session 1 Results: February 2025
• Start of Registration for Session 2: February 2025
• Last Date to Register for Session 2: March 2025
• Release of Admit Cards for Session 2: April 2025 (first week)
• JEE Main Session 2 Exam: April 2025 (across multiple days)
• Session 2 Results: April/May 2025

It is crucial for students to register within the stipulated time for their preferred session(s) and keep track of important dates such as the release of admit cards and result announcements.

JEE Main Syllabus 2025

The syllabus for JEE Main 2025 is designed to test the knowledge and understanding of students across three subjects: Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. The syllabus includes topics from both Class 11 and Class 12, as per the CBSE curriculum. However, the level of difficulty is much higher than school exams, as JEE Main focuses on a deep understanding of concepts and their applications.

Here’s a detailed breakdown of the JEE Main 2025 syllabus for each subject:

JEE Main Physics Syllabus 2025

Physics is often considered one of the most challenging subjects in JEE Main, as it requires both conceptual understanding and problem-solving ability. The questions in this section test your knowledge of various physical phenomena and your ability to apply laws and principles to solve problems.

Below is a detailed list of topics covered in the Physics syllabus for JEE Main 2025:

Units	Topics	Sub Topics
Unit 1	Physics and Measurement	Physics, technology, and society, S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, Errors in measurement, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications.
Unit 2	Kinematics	The frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position- time graph, speed and velocity; Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector. Addition and subtraction, zero vector, scalar and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion.
Unit 3	Laws of Motion	Force and inertia, Newton’s First law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications.
Unit 4	Work, Energy and Power	Work done by a content force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power.The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and neoconservative forces; Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
Unit 5	Rotational Motion	Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; a moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; the moment of inertia, the radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, and their applications. Rigid body rotation equations of rotational motion.
Unit 6	Gravitation	The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s law of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, Orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary satellites.
Unit 7	Properties of Solids and Liquids	Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law. Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Viscosity. Stokes’ law. terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow. Reynolds number. Bernoulli’s principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension – drops, bubbles, and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer-conduction, convection, and radiation. Newton’s law of cooling.
Unit 8	Thermodynamics	Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, the concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes. Carnot engine and its efficiency.
Unit 9	Kinetic Theory of Gases	Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases – assumptions, the concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules: Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy, applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro’s number.
Unit 10	Oscillation and Waves	Periodic motion – period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. – Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period: Free, forced and damped oscillations, resonance. Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of a wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, a reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler Effect in sound
Unit 11	Electrostatics	Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb’s law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.Electric flux: Gauss’s law and its applications to find fields due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges in an electrostatic field.Conductors and insulators: Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitor, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates. Energy stored in a capacitor.
Unit 12	Current Electricity	Electric current. Drift velocity. Ohm’s law. Electrical resistance. Resistances of different materials. V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and power. Electrical resistivity. Colour code for resistors; Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance. Electric Cell and its Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge. Metre Bridge. Potentiometer – principle and its applications.
Unit 13	Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism	Biot – Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel currents carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances. Magnetic susceptibility and permeability. Hysteresis. Electromagnets and permanent magnets.
Unit 14	Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current	Electromagnetic induction: Faraday’s law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: Quality factor, power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.
Unit 15	Electromagnetic Waves	Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.
Unit 16	Optics	Reflection and refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, mirror formula. Total internal reflection and its applications. Deviation and Dispersion of light by a; prism; Lens Formula. Magnification. Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.Wave opticswavefront and Huygens’ principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young’s double-slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation, plane-polarised light: Brewster’s law, uses of plane-polarized light and Polaroid.
Unit 17	Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation	Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment.
Unit 18	Atoms and Nuclei	Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars: isotones. Radioactivity- alpha. beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion.
Unit 19	Electronic Devices	Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: 1-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED. the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor: transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR. AND. NOT. NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.

JEE Main Chemistry Syllabus 2025

Chemistry in JEE Main is divided into three sections: Physical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry. Each section requires a different approach, with Physical Chemistry focusing on numerical problems, Inorganic Chemistry being more theory-based, and Organic Chemistry requiring an understanding of reaction mechanisms.

Here’s a detailed breakdown of the Chemistry syllabus for JEE Main 2025:

JEE Main Chemistry Syllabus 2025 (Physical Chemistry)

Physical Chemistry deals with the principles and quantitative aspects of chemistry. It involves a lot of numerical calculations and problem-solving. Students must practise numerical problems extensively in this section.

Units	Topics	Sub Topics
Unit 1	Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry	Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory : Concept of atom, molecule, element, and compound: Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision, and accuracy, significant figures. S.I.Units, dimensional analysis: Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and stoichiometry.
Unit 2	Atomic Structure	Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations; Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model of a hydrogen atom – its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr’s model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie’s relationship. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom, its important features. Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions: Variation of Y and Y2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p, and d – orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number: Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle. Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.
Unit 3	Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure	Kossel – Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds.Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity. Fajan’s rule, dipole moment: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR ) theory and shapes of simple molecules. Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory – its important features, the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance. Molecular Orbital Theory – Its important features. LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy. Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications.
Unit 4	Chemical Thermodynamics	Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes. The first law of thermodynamics – Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization, and solution. The second law of thermodynamics – Spontaneity of processes; DS of the universe and DG of the system as criteria for spontaneity. DG° (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant.
Unit 5	Solutions	Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution – molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult’s Law – Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure – composition, plots for ideal and nonideal solutions; Colligative properties of dilute solutions – a relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, the elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, van’t Hoff factor and its significance.
Unit 6	Equilibrium	Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid – gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry’s law. General characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes. Equilibrium involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, the significance of DG and DG° in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier’s principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius. Bronsted – Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water. pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, the solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions.
Unit 7	Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry	Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions. Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities and their variation with concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications. Electrochemical cells – Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half – cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change: Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells.
Unit 8	Chemical Kinetics	Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure, and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate of reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).

Key topics include:

• Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry: Mole concept, atomic and molecular masses, empirical and molecular formulas, stoichiometry.
• States of Matter: Gaseous state, liquid state, solid state, gas laws, van der Waals equation.
• Atomic Structure: Bohr’s model, quantum mechanical model, orbitals, quantum numbers.
• Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure: Types of bonds, VSEPR theory, hybridization, molecular orbital theory.
• Thermodynamics: First and second laws, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, spontaneous processes.
• Equilibrium: Chemical equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle, ionic equilibrium, pH, solubility product.
• Redox Reactions: Oxidation and reduction, balancing of redox reactions, electrochemical cells.
• Electrochemistry: Conductance, electrolysis, Nernst equation, galvanic cells.
• Chemical Kinetics: Rate of reaction, order and molecularity of reactions, Arrhenius equation.
• Surface Chemistry: Adsorption, colloids, emulsions, catalysis.

JEE Main Chemistry Syllabus 2025 (Inorganic Chemistry)

Inorganic Chemistry focuses on the properties, structure, and reactivity of inorganic compounds. This section is more theoretical and requires thorough memorization of periodic trends, the properties of elements, and various inorganic reactions.

Units	Topics	Sub Topics
Unit 9	Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties	Modern periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p. d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity.
Unit 10	p-block elements	Group -13 to Group 18 ElementsGeneral Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behaviour of the first element in each group. Groupwise study of the p – block elements (Group -13)Preparation, properties, and uses of boron and aluminum; Structure, properties, and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, and alums. (Group -14)The tendency for catenation; Structure, properties, and uses of Allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites, and silicones. (Group -15)Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotrophic forms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure, and uses of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine, and phosphorus halides, (PCl3. PCl5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus. (Group -16)Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of ozone: Allotropic forms of sulphur; Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of sulphuric acid (including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulphur. (Group-17)Preparation, properties, and uses of hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens. (Group-18)
Unit 11	d- and f-block elements	Transition ElementsGeneral introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first-row transition elements – physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties, and uses of K2Cr2O7, and KMnO4.Inner Transition ElementsLanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation states, and lanthanoid contraction.Actinoids – Electronic configuration and oxidation states.
Unit 12	Coordination Compounds	Introduction to coordination compounds. Werner’s theory; ligands, coordination number, denticity. chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism; Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems).

Key topics include:

• Periodic Table and Periodicity in Properties: Periodic classification of elements, periodic trends in atomic and ionic sizes, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy.
• Hydrogen: Properties of hydrogen, isotopes, preparation and properties of water and hydrogen peroxide.
• S-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals): Properties, occurrence, uses, and compounds of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
• P-Block Elements: Properties and compounds of Group 13 to Group 18 elements, trends in chemical reactivity.
• D- and F-Block Elements: Transition elements, their properties, oxidation states, color, and complex formation.
• Coordination Compounds: Werner’s theory, coordination number, nomenclature, bonding in coordination compounds.
• Environmental Chemistry: Pollutants, greenhouse gases, global warming, ozone depletion, environmental issues.

JEE Main Chemistry Syllabus 2025 (Organic Chemistry)

Organic Chemistry involves the study of carbon-containing compounds and their reactions. It is one of the most challenging sections in Chemistry, requiring a deep understanding of reaction mechanisms and the ability to predict the products of various reactions.

Units	Topics	Sub Topics
Unit 13	Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds	Purification – Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, and chromatography – principles and their applications.Qualitative analysis – Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, and halogens.Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) – Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae: Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis
Unit 14	Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry	Tetravalency of carbon: Shapes of simple molecules – hybridization (s and p): Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur; Homologous series: Isomerism – structural and stereoisomerism. Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)Covalent bond fission – Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals, carbocations, and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles, and nucleophiles. Electronic displacement in a covalent bond – Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyperconjugation.Common types of organic reactions- Substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement.
Unit 15	Hydrocarbons	Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions.Alkanes – Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane): Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes.Alkenes – Geometrical isomerism: Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoffs and peroxide effect): Ozonolysis and polymerization.Alkynes – Acidic character: Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, and hydrogen halides: Polymerization.Aromatic hydrocarbons – Nomenclature, benzene – structure and aromaticity: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration.Friedel – Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in monosubstituted benzene.
Unit 16	Organic Compounds containing Halogen	General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform freons, and DDT.
Unit 17	Organic Compounds containing Oxygen	General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses.Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols: mechanism of dehydration. Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation. nitration and sulphonation. Reimer – Tiemann reaction.Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as – Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN. NH3, and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation: reduction (Wolf Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of a-hydrogen. aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction. Haloform reaction, Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylic Acids Acidic strength and factors affecting it
Unit 18	Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen	General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses.Amines: Nomenclature, classification structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character.Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit 19	Biomolecules	General introduction and importance of biomolecules. CARBOHYDRATES – Classification; aldoses and ketoses: monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose).PROTEINS – Elementary Idea of a-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides. Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes. VITAMINS – Classification and functions. NUCLEIC ACIDS – Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions of nucleic acids
Unit 20	Principles Related to Practical Chemistry	Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, Sulphur, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the following functional groups; hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones) carboxyl, and amino groups in organic compounds.· The chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:Inorganic compounds; Mohr’s salt, potash alum.Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitro acetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.· The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises – Acids, bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO4· Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysisChemical principles involved in the following experiments:1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO42. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base.3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols.4. Kinetic study of the reaction of iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.

Key topics include:

• Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC nomenclature, classification of organic compounds, inductive effect, resonance, hyperconjugation, types of organic reactions.
• Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, preparation, properties, and reactions.
• Haloalkanes and Haloarenes: Nucleophilic substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and their mechanisms.
• Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers: Preparation, properties, and reactions of alcohols, phenols, and ethers.
• Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids: Preparation, properties, and reactions of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids.
• Amines: Structure and classification, preparation and properties of amines.
• Biomolecules: Structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
• Polymers: Types of polymers, polymerization processes, synthetic and natural polymers.
• Chemistry in Everyday Life: Drugs, chemicals in food, cleansing agents, and other chemicals used in daily life.

JEE Main Syllabus 2025 For Mathematics

Mathematics is often considered the most difficult subject in JEE Main because it requires both a deep understanding of concepts and excellent problem-solving skills. The questions in this section are designed to test your ability to apply mathematical concepts to solve complex problems. The syllabus includes topics from both Class 11 and Class 12.

Here’s a detailed breakdown of the Mathematics syllabus for JEE Main 2025:

Units	Topics	Sub Topics
Unit 1	Sets, Relations and Functions	Sets and their representation: Union, intersection and complement of sets and their algebraic properties; Power set; Relation, Type of relations, equivalence relations, functions; one-one, into and onto functions, the composition of functions
Unit 2	Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations	Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers in the form a + ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram, algebra of complex number, modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number, square root of a complex number, triangle inequality, Quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions Relations between roots and co-efficient, nature of roots, the formation of quadratic equations with given roots.
Unit 3	Matrices and Determinants	Matrices, algebra of matrices, type of matrices, determinants, and matrices of order two and three, properties of determinants, evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using determinants, Adjoint, and evaluation of inverse of a square matrix using determinants and elementary transformations, Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using determinants and matrices
Unit 4	Permutation and Combination	The fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an arrangement and combination as section, Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r), simple applications
Unit 5	Binomial Theorem and its Simple Applications	Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term and middle term, properties of Binomial coefficients, and simple applications
Unit 6	Sequence and Series	Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, insertion of arithmetic, geometric means between two given numbers, Relation between A.M and G.M sum up to n terms of special series; Sn, Sn2, Sn3. Arithmetico-Geometric progression
Unit 7	Limit, Continuity and Differentiability	Real–valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions, inverse function. Graphs of simple functions. Limits, continuity, and differentiability. Differentiation of the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions. Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite and implicit functions; derivatives of order up to two, Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean value Theorems, Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic Increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima and minima of functions of one variable, tangents and normal.
Unit 8	Integral Calculus	Integral as an anti-derivative, Fundamental Integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithms functions. Integrations by substitution, by parts, and by partial functions. Integration using trigonometric identities. Integral as limit of a sum. The fundamental theorem of calculus, properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form.
Unit 9	Differential Equations	Ordinary differential equations, their order, and degree, the formation of differential equations, solution of differential equation by the method of separation of variables, solution of a homogeneous and linear differential equation
Unit 10	Co-ordinate Geometry	Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane, distance formula, sections formula, locus, and its equation, translation of axes, the slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the co-ordinate axis.Straight lineVarious forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, the distance of a point form a line, equations of internal and external by sectors of angles between two lines co-ordinate of the centroid, orthocentre, and circumcentre of a triangle, equation of the family of lines passing through the point of intersection of two lines.Circle, conic sectionsA standard form of equations of a circle, the general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and central, equation of a circle when the endpoints of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent, sections of conics, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition for Y = mx +c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency
Unit 11	Three Dimensional Geometry	Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, directions ratios, and direction cosines, the angle between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them, and its equation. Equations of a line and a plane in different forms, the intersection of a line and a plane, and coplanar lines.
Unit 12	Vector Algebra	Vectors and scalars, the addition of vectors, components of a vector in two dimensions and three-dimensional space, scalar and vector products, scalar and vector triple product.
Unit 13	Statistics and Probability	Measures of discretion; calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data calculation of standard deviation, variance and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data. Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication theorems of probability, Baye’s theorem, probability distribution of a random variate, Bernoulli trials, and binomial distribution.
Unit 14	Trigonometry	Trigonometrical identities and equations, trigonometrical functions, inverse trigonometrical functions, and their properties, heights, and distance

JEE Main Syllabus Chapter-Wise Weightage

Understanding the chapter-wise weightage is important for prioritising topics and allocating your time effectively during preparation. While all topics are important, some chapters carry more weight based on previous years’ exams. Below is an analysis of the approximate weightage of key chapters in each subject.

JEE Main Physics Chapter-Wise Weightage

Physics questions in JEE Main are distributed across several topics, but certain chapters carry more weight than others. Based on previous years’ papers, here’s the chapter-wise weightage for Physics:

Chapters	Total Questions	Weightage
Electrostatics	1	3.30%
Capacitors	1	3.30%
Simple Harmonic Motion	1	3.30%
Sound Waves	1	3.30%
Elasticity	1	3.30%
Error in Measurement	1	3.30%
Circular Motion	1	3.30%
Electromagnetic Waves	1	3.30%
Semiconductors	1	3.30%
Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism	2	6.60%
Alternating Current	2	6.60%
Kinetic Theory of Gases & Thermodynamics	2	6.60%
Kinematics	2	6.60%
Work, Energy, and Power	2	6.60%
Laws of Motion	2	6.60%
Centre Of Mass	2	6.60%
Rotational Dynamics	2	6.60%
Modern Physics	2	6.60%
Wave Optics	2	6.60%
Current Electricity	3	9.90%

Students should focus on these high-weightage chapters while ensuring they cover the entire syllabus.

JEE Main Chemistry Chapter-Wise Weightage

In Chemistry, both Physical and Organic Chemistry carry significant weight. Here’s the approximate weightage of key chapters in Chemistry:

Chapters	Total Questions	Weightage
Mole Concept	1	3.30%
Redox Reactions	1	3.30%
Electrochemistry	1	3.30%
Chemical Kinetics	1	3.30%
Solution & Colligative Properties	1	3.30%
General Organic Chemistry	1	3.30%
Stereochemistry	1	3.30%
Hydrocarbon	1	3.30%
Alkyl Halides	1	3.30%
Carboxylic Acids & their Derivatives	1	3.30%
Carbohydrates, Amino-Acids, and Polymers	1	3.30%
Aromatic Compounds	1	3.30%
Atomic Structure	2	6.60%
Chemical Bonding	2	6.60%
Chemical And Ionic Equilibrium	2	6.60%
Solid-State And Surface Chemistry	2	6.60%
Nuclear & Environmental Chemistry	2	6.60%
Thermodynamics & the Gaseous State	2	6.60%
Transition Elements & Coordination Compounds	3	9.90%
Periodic table, p-Block Elements	3	9.90%

JEE Main Maths Chapter-Wise Weightage

Mathematics questions in JEE Main cover a wide range of topics, but certain chapters tend to carry more weight. Here is a breakdown of the key chapters based on their approximate weightage:

Chapters	Total Questions	Weightage
Sets	1	3.30%
Permutations & Combinations	1	3.30%
Probability	1	3.30%
Complex Numbers	1	3.30%
Binomial Theorem	1	3.30%
Limits	1	3.30%
Differentiability	1	3.30%
Indefinite Integration	1	3.30%
Definite Integration	1	3.30%
Differential Equations	1	3.30%
Height & Distance	1	3.30%
Trigonometric Equations	1	3.30%
The Area under the Curve	1	3.30%
Quadratic Equations	1	3.30%
Vectors	1	3.30%
Tangents and Normals	1	3.30%
Maxima and Minima	1	3.30%
Statistics	1	3.30%
Parabola	1	3.30%
Ellipse	1	3.30%
Hyperbola	1	3.30%
Sequences & Series	2	6.60%
Straight Lines	2	6.60%
3-D Geometry	2	6.60%
Determinants	2	6.60%

Has the JEE Main 2025 Syllabus Changed?

The National Testing Agency releases the updated syllabus of JEE Main at its official website along with the official notification. Students preparing for the JEE Main 2025 exam can check here to learn about the chapters removed from JEE Main 2025.

JEE Main Deleted Chapters for Physics 2025

Unit	Deleted Topics
Physics and Measurement	Physics, technology, and society, accuracy and precision of measuring instruments
Kinematics	zero vector
Gravitation	Geostationary satellites
Properties of Solids And Liquids	Reynolds number, Newton’s law of cooling.
Thermodynamics	Carnot engine and its efficiency
Oscillations and Waves	Free, forced and damped oscillations, resonance.Doppler Effect in sound.
Current Electricity	Resistances of different materials.Colour code for resistors; Potentiometer – principle and its applications.
Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism	Cyclotron, Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements. Magnetic susceptibility and permeability. Hysteresis. Electromagnets and permanent magnets.
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents	Quality factor
Optics	Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes
Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation	Davisson-Germer experiment
Atoms and Nuclei	Isotopes, isobars: isotones. Radioactivity- alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law.
Communication Systems	The whole chapter is removed
Electronic Devices	Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor: transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Transistor as a switch.

JEE Main Deleted Chapters for Chemistry 2025

Unit	Detailed Topics
Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry	Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision, and accuracy, significant figures. S.I.Units, dimensional analysis
Atomic Structure	Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations;
States of Matter	The whole chapter is removed
Surface Chemistry	The whole chapter is removed
P- Block Elements	Groupwise study of the pp-block elements Group -13 Preparation, properties, and uses of boron and aluminium; Structure, properties, and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminium chloride, and alums. Group -14 The tendency for catenation, Structure, properties, and uses of Allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites, and silicones. Group-15 Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus, Allotrophic forms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure, and uses of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine, and phosphorus halides, (PCI3. PCI5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus. Group -16 Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of ozone: Allotropic forms of sulphur, Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of sulphuric acid (including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulphur. Group -17 Preparation, properties, and uses of hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides, Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens. Group-18 Occurrence and uses of noble gases, Structures of fluorides and oxides of xenon.
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals	The whole chapter is removed
Hydrogen
S-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)
Environmental Chemistry
Polymers
Chemistry In Everyday Life

JEE Main Deleted Chapters for Maths 2025

Chapters	Topics Deleted
Complex Number and Quadratic Equations	• Square Root of a Complex Number• Triangle Inequality
Matrices and Determinants	• Properties of Determinants• Elementary Transformations
Binomial Theorem and its Simple Applications	• Properties of Binomial Coefficients
Limit, Continuity and Differentiability	• Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems
Sequence and Series	• Sum up to n Terms of Special Series• Arithmetic Geometric Progression
Integral Calculus	• Integral as a Limit of a Sum
3D Geometry	• Equations of a Line and a Plane in Different Forms• Intersection of a Line and a Plane• Coplanar Lines
Statistics and Probability	• Bernoulli Trials• Binomial Distribution
Vector Algebra	• Scalar and Vector Triple Products
Trigonometry	• Height and Distance

JEE Main 2025 Marking Scheme

The marking scheme for JEE Main 2025 is consistent with previous years. Here’s a detailed breakdown:

Total Marks: JEE Main Paper 1 is conducted for 300 marks, with 100 marks allocated to each subject (Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics).

Number of Questions: Each subject contains 30 questions, divided into two sections:

• Section A: 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
• Section B: 10 Numerical Value Type (NVT) questions, out of which 5 must be attempted.

Marking Scheme:

• For MCQs: Each correct answer earns 4 marks, while 1 mark is deducted for every incorrect answer.
• For Numerical Value Type questions: Each correct answer earns 4 marks, and there is no negative marking for incorrect answers in this section.
• Time Duration: The total duration of the exam is 3 hours, during which students must attempt all three subjects. It is important to manage your time well during the exam to ensure you can attempt all questions.

Understanding the marking scheme is essential for devising an effective exam strategy. Students should focus on accuracy in the MCQs to avoid losing marks due to negative marking, while taking advantage of the absence of negative marking in the NVT questions by attempting all five.

Conclusion

The JEE Main 2025 exam is a critical milestone for students aspiring to enter top engineering institutes in India. Success in this exam requires not only hard work but also a strategic approach to preparation. By understanding the syllabus, chapter-wise weightage, marking scheme, and other details, students can optimize their study plan and focus on the topics that carry the most weight.

Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics are equally important in JEE Main, and students must give each subject the attention it deserves. Regular practice, solving previous years’ question papers, and taking mock tests are essential for building confidence and improving time management skills.

While the JEE Main syllabus for 2025 remains largely unchanged, staying updated with any official announcements from the NTA is important. Students are advised to maintain a consistent study routine, revise regularly, and focus on clearing their conceptual understanding to perform well in the exam.

By following a well-structured preparation strategy and understanding the key aspects of the JEE Main 2025 exam, students can enhance their chances of securing a high rank and gaining admission to their desired engineering college.

Good luck with your JEE Main 2025 preparation!